Effects of Counseling on Post-Operative Cataract Discharge Care in Promoting Self-Care Compliance Behavior: A Quasi-Experimental Design

Abstract

Background: Cataract-related blindness remains a significant public health concern, especially in low-resource settings like Pakistan. While cataract surgery is effective in restoring vision, post-operative self-care is critical to ensure successful recovery and prevent complications. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of structured counseling sessions in enhancing self-care compliance among post-operative cataract patients. Methods: A quasi-experimental post-test design was used involving 300 cataract patients from Sindh Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences in Hyderabad from 10^th June, 2024 to 10^th December 2024. Participants were divided into interventional and control groups. The intervention group received structured counseling on discharge care, while the control group received standard instructions. Self-care compliance was assessed at follow-up using a structured questionnaire. Results: The interventional group showed significantly higher compliance across multiple self-care domains, including hygiene, activity restrictions, and medication adherence. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in compliance scores between the two groups (p < 0.05). Despite improvements, barriers such as limited literacy and socioeconomic constraints influenced long-term adherence. Conclusion: Structured counseling significantly improves self-care practices following cataract surgery and offers a cost-effective, patient-centered approach for improving surgical outcomes in resource-limited settings. Future strategies should incorporate digital tools, caregiver involvement, and community-based support to sustain long-term adherence and optimize patient outcomes.