Renal Disease Patterns: Insights from Native Kidney Biopsies - An Experience at LUMHS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70749/ijbr.v3i6.1752Keywords:
Renal Biopsy, Primary Glomerulonephritis, Secondary Glomerulonephritis, Tubulointerstitial Disease, Renal Vascular DiseaseAbstract
Background: Renal biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosing biopsy-proven renal disease and can be associated with significant morbidity in adults. The determination of the renal disease spectrum through biopsy has a key role in clinical decision-making, particularly in patients with nephrotic syndrome, nephritic syndrome, acute kidney injury, and chronic kidney injury. The goal of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of renal disease in renal biopsy patients and investigate associated demographic factors. Objective: To assess the prevalence of renal disease in renal biopsy patients at Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Duration and Place of Study: The study was conducted from December 2024 to March 2025 at the Department of Nephrology, Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad. Methodology: A total of 80 patients aged 18-60 years, who underwent renal biopsy for suspected renal disease, were included. Data on demographic factors such as age, gender, socioeconomic status, and comorbidities were collected. Renal biopsy samples were analyzed by senior renal pathologists for histopathological diagnosis. Results: The most prevalent diagnosis was primary glomerulonephritis, found in 50% of the patients, followed by secondary glomerulonephritis (25%), tubulointerstitial diseases (15%), and renal vascular diseases (10%). Hypertension showed a trend towards higher prevalence in PGN (p=0.061). Socioeconomic status was significantly associated with tubulointerstitial diseases (p=0.007). Conclusion: Primary glomerulonephritis is the most prevalent renal disease in our cohort.
Downloads
References
1. Schnuelle, P. (2023). Renal biopsy for diagnosis in kidney disease: Indication, technique, and safety. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 12(19), 6424.
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12196424
2. Thomé, G. G., Bianchini, T., Bringhenti, R. N., Schaefer, P. G., Barros, E. J., & Veronese, F. V. (2021). The spectrum of biopsy-proven glomerular diseases in a tertiary hospital in southern Brazil. BMC Nephrology, 22(1).
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-021-02603-8
3. Rajasekaran, A., Julian, B. A., & Rizk, D. V. (2021). IgA nephropathy: An interesting autoimmune kidney disease. The American Journal of the Medical Sciences, 361(2), 176-194.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjms.2020.10.003
4. Dantas, M., Silva, L. B., Pontes, B. T., Dos Reis, M. A., De Lima, P. S., & Moysés Neto, M. (2023). Membranous nephropathy. Brazilian Journal of Nephrology, 45(2), 229-243.
https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2023-0046en
5. Jacobs-Cachá, C., Vergara, A., García-Carro, C., Agraz, I., Toapanta-Gaibor, N., Ariceta, G., Moreso, F., Serón, D., López-Hellín, J., & Soler, M. J. (2020). Challenges in primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis diagnosis: From the diagnostic algorithm to novel biomarkers. Clinical Kidney Journal, 14(2), 482-491.
https://doi.org/10.1093/ckj/sfaa110
6. Rafique, Z., Sadaf, S., Batool, S., Javeed, S., Chughtai, A. S., & Atiq, A. (2022). Morphological spectrum of Glomerulonephritis in medical renal biopsies: A single-center study. Cureus.
https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.22579
7. Rodriguez-Ramirez, S., Wiegley, N., & Mejia-Vilet, J. M. (2024). Kidney biopsy in management of lupus nephritis: A case-based narrative review. Kidney Medicine, 6(2), 100772.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xkme.2023.100772
8. Wu, T., Ding, L., Andoh, V., Zhang, J., & Chen, L. (2023). The mechanism of hyperglycemia-induced renal cell injury in diabetic nephropathy disease: An update. Life, 13(2), 539.
https://doi.org/10.3390/life13020539
9. Molnár, A., Studinger, P., & Ledó, N. (2022). Diagnostic and therapeutic approach in ANCA-associated Glomerulonephritis: A review on management strategies. Frontiers in Medicine, 9.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.884188
10. Pett, J., Linhart, C., Osborne, N., Morrell, S., Fahim, M., Knight, J., Premaranthne, S., Wazil, A. W., Ratnatunga, N., Wijethunga, S., Thalgahagoda, S., Endre, Z., Taylor, R., & Nanayakkara, N. (2024). Tubulointerstitial nephropathy is the predominant finding in men in a review of more than 3000 renal biopsies over a 10-year period from Sri Lanka. BMC Nephrology, 25(1).
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-024-03731-7
11. Muhammad, A., Zhang, Y., Huang, L., Yuan, Q., Wang, W., Pu, J., Lin, W., Tang, R., & Xiao, X. (2024). The diagnosis of acute interstitial nephritis caused by infection versus antibiotic-induced interstitial nephritis: A narrative review. Clinical Kidney Journal, 17(4).
https://doi.org/10.1093/ckj/sfae054
12. Williams, S. B., Holwill, S. D., Clissold, R. L., & Bingham, C. (2023). A case of acute tubulointerstitial nephritis following administration of the Oxford-astrazeneca COVID-19 vaccine: A case report. BMC Nephrology, 24(1).
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-023-03089-2
13. Dobrek, L. (2023). A synopsis of current theories on drug-induced Nephrotoxicity. Life, 13(2), 325.
https://doi.org/10.3390/life13020325
14. Kim, Y. (2022). A new pathological perspective on thrombotic microangiopathy. Kidney Research and Clinical Practice, 41(5), 524-532.
https://doi.org/10.23876/j.krcp.22.010
15. Skalsky, K., Shiyovich, A., Steinmetz, T., & Kornowski, R. (2022). Chronic renal failure and cardiovascular disease: A comprehensive appraisal. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11(5), 1335.
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11051335
16. Hull, K. L., Adenwalla, S. F., Topham, P., & Graham-Brown, M. P. (2022). Indications and considerations for kidney biopsy: An overview of clinical considerations for the non-specialist. Clinical Medicine, 22(1), 34-40.
https://doi.org/10.7861/clinmed.2021-0472
17. Turner, D., Drak, D., Gracey, D., & Anderson, L. (2022). Patterns of biopsy-proven renal disease in people living with HIV: 10 years experience in Sydney, Australia. BMC Nephrology, 23(1).
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-022-02695-w
18. Puspitasari, M., Wardhani, Y., Sattwika, P. D., & Wijaya, W. (2024). Patterns of kidney diseases diagnosed by kidney biopsy and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: A single-center study. World Journal of Nephrology, 13(4).
https://doi.org/10.5527/wjn.v13.i4.100087
19. Sultan, K. (2023). Pattern of Biopsy-Proven Renal Dysfunction in Pakistan: A Single Center Experience. Journal of Islamabad Medical & Dental College, 12(2), 103–109.
https://doi.org/10.35787/jimdc.v12i2.782
20. Muthukuda, C., Suriyakumara, V., Sosai, C., Samarathunga, T., Laxman, M., & Marasinghe, A. (2023). Clinicopathological spectrum of biopsy-proven renal diseases of patients at a single center in Sri Lanka: A cross sectional retrospective review. BMC Nephrology, 24(1).
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-023-03217-y
21. Yim, T., Kim, S.-U., Park, S., Lim, J.-H., Jung, H.-Y., Cho, J.-H., Kim, C.-D., Kim, Y.-L., Han, M.-H., Kim, Y.-J., Choi, J.-Y., & Park, S.-H. (2020). Patterns in renal diseases diagnosed by kidney biopsy: A single-center experience. Kidney Research and Clinical Practice, 39(1), 60–69.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Indus Journal of Bioscience Research
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
