Frequency of Variant of Gullian-Barré Syndrome (GBS) in Bolan Medical Complex Hospital, Quetta
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70749/ijbr.v3i6.2523Keywords:
Guillain-Barré Syndrome, Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP), Acute Motor Axonal Neuropathy (AMAN), Acute Motor-Sensory Axonal Neuropathy (AMSAN), Miller Fisher Syndrome (MFS), Campylobacter jejuni.Abstract
Background: Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is a heterogeneous immune-mediated neuropathy with varying clinical and electrophysiological variants. This study investigates the frequency and characteristics of GBS variants in Quetta, Pakistan. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Bolan Medical Complex Hospital from November 2024 to April 2025, enrolling 67 patients aged ≥12 years meeting Brighton Criteria for GBS. Data on demographics, clinical features, electrophysiological findings, and outcomes were analyzed using R software, with statistical significance set at p<0.05. Results: AIDP was the most common variant (46.3%, 95% CI: 34.2–58.8%), followed by AMAN (26.9%), AMSAN (11.9%), MFS (9.0%), and PCB (4.5%). Axonal variants (38.8%) were prevalent, linked to Campylobacter jejuni in 23.1% of cases (OR 5.2, p=0.003). Poor outcomes (HDS ≥4) occurred in 34.3%, with axonal variants (OR 3.8, p=0.023), mechanical ventilation (OR 8.5, p<0.001), age >60 years (OR 4.1, p=0.016), and rapid progression (OR 2.9, p=0.049) as predictors. AMAN showed prolonged recovery (42 days) versus AIDP (28 days, p=0.002). Conclusion: The high prevalence of axonal variants in Quetta underscores the need for tailored diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in resource-limited settings.
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