Pregnancy Outcomes in Pregnant Women with Oligohydramnios
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70749/ijbr.v3i6.2754Keywords:
Infant, Low Birth Weight, Meconium Aspiration Syndrome, Oligohydramnios, Pregnancy Outcome, Respiratory Distress Syndrome.Abstract
Background: Oligohydramnios refers to reduced amniotic fluid volume during pregnancy and is associated with various maternal and fetal complications. It can lead to serious neonatal outcomes including meconium aspiration syndrome, respiratory distress syndrome, and low birth weight. Understanding the frequency of these complications is essential for improving prenatal management and neonatal care. Objective: To determine the frequency of adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant patients with oligohydramnios. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study. Duration and Place of Study: This study was conducted from September 2024 to March 2025 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad. Methodology: A total of 113 pregnant women aged 18 to 40 years with singleton pregnancies and gestational age of 37 weeks or more were included. Oligohydramnios was defined as amniotic fluid index of 5.0 centimeters or less on ultrasound examination. All participants were followed until delivery and neonatal outcomes were assessed. Data analysis was performed using chi square test and Fischer exact test with p value of 0.05 or less considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age of participants was 28.65 years and mean gestational age was 39.06 weeks. Meconium aspiration syndrome was observed in 29 cases (25.70 percent), respiratory distress syndrome in 45 neonates (39.80 percent), and low birth weight in 52 babies (46.00 percent). Low birth weight showed significant association with maternal age of 30 years or less (54.5 percent, p = 0.031), parity of 2 or less (54.9 percent, p = 0.013), and poor socioeconomic status (47.9 percent, p = 0.029). Conclusion: Oligohydramnios in pregnant women is associated with high frequency of adverse neonatal outcomes.
Downloads
References
1. Bhandari, R., & Koirala, A. (2025). A study of fetal outcomes and the effect of socioeconomic status in term pregnancy with Oligohydramnios. Cureus.
https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.91651
2. Gao, H., Tao, H., Zou, L., Luo, Q., & Zhang, W. (2025). A multicenter retrospective cohort study of pregnancy outcomes in idiopathic Oligohydramnios at term. International Journal of Women's Health, 17, 1665-1672.
https://doi.org/10.2147/ijwh.s508609
3. Mohammed, S. S., & Ahmed, A. A. (2024). Prevalence Rate, Probable Causes, and Perinatal Outcomes in Women With Oligohydramnios in Labor. PubMed, 16(5), e61290–e61290.
https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.61290
4. Huri, M., Di Tommaso, M., & Seravalli, V. (2023). Amniotic fluid disorders: From prenatal management to neonatal outcomes. Children, 10(3), 561.
https://doi.org/10.3390/children10030561
5. Wang, C., Ling, C., Yang, J., Guan, L., & Wang, X. (2024). Impact of perinatal factors on meconium aspiration syndrome in full-term newborns and the construction of a column chart prediction model: An observational study. Medicine, 103(20), e38279.
https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000038279
6. Dereje, T., Sharew, T., & Hunde, L. (2023). Meconium stained amniotic fluid and associated factors among women who gave birth at term in Adama hospital medical college, Ethiopia. Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences, 33(2).
https://doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v33i2.6
7. Aynalem, Y. A., Mekonen, H., Akalu, T. Y., Habtewold, T. D., Endalamaw, A., Petrucka, P. M., & Shiferaw, W. S. (2020). Incidence of respiratory distress and its predictors among neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit, Black lion specialized hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. PLOS ONE, 15(7), e0235544.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0235544
8. Seravalli, V., Colucci, C., Di Cencio, C., Morucchio, A., Barsanti, F., & Di Tommaso, M. (2025). Latency to delivery and incidence of adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes in preterm premature rupture of membranes before 32 weeks. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 311(6), 1569-1577.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-025-07970-3
9. Sufriyana, H., Amani, F. Z., Al Hajiri, A. Z., Wu, Y., & Su, E. C. (2024). Widely accessible prognostication using medical history for fetal growth restriction and small for gestational age in nationwide insured women.
https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.01.08.24300958
10. Sharma, D., Shastri, S., & Sharma, P. (2016). Intrauterine growth restriction: Antenatal and postnatal aspects. Clinical Medicine Insights: Pediatrics, 10.
https://doi.org/10.4137/cmped.s40070
11. Talesara, H., Shah, V. C., Modi, D. A., & Modi, R. S. (2021). Fetomaternal outcome in pregnancy with oligohydramnios: A prospective study. International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 10(2), 571.
https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20210305
12. Naykodi, P. S., & Ghogare, A. N. (2025). Study of fetomaternal outcome in oligohydramnios in term pregnancy and its correlation with non-stress test. International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 14(8), 2498-2503.
https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20252156
13. Moin, S., Mushtaq, R., Iftikhar, B., Khan, M., Akram, N. A., & Fatima, S. (2020). Low amniotic fluid index (AFI) as a predictor of adverse fetal outcomes in the third trimester of pregnancy. Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal, (1), S69.
14. Sharif, N., & Qasim, A. (2021). Perinatal outcome in pregnant females at term having low amniotic fluid index. The Professional Medical Journal, 28(09), 1358-1364.
https://doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2021.28.09.6760
15. Akhtar, Z., Afridi, F., & Gilani, S. (2023). Fetal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by oligohydramnios- Experience at a tertiary care hospital. Journal of Medical Sciences, 31(3), 187-190.
https://doi.org/10.52764/jms.23.31.3.4
16. Zafar A, Shauket K, Fatima N, Abbas S, Nawaz M, Shahbaz S. To compare the frequency of adverse outcomes of severe versus mild oligohydramnios at full term. J Pak Soc Intern Med. 2022;3:331-5.
https://doi.org/10.70302/jpsim.v3i4.2265
17. Figueroa, L., McClure, E. M., Swanson, J., Nathan, R., Garces, A. L., Moore, J. L., Krebs, N. F., Hambidge, K. M., Bauserman, M., Lokangaka, A., Tshefu, A., Mirza, W., Saleem, S., Naqvi, F., Carlo, W. A., Chomba, E., Liechty, E. A., Esamai, F., Swanson, D., … Goldenberg, R. L. (2020). Oligohydramnios: A prospective study of fetal, neonatal and maternal outcomes in low-middle income countries. Reproductive Health, 17(1).
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-020-0854-y
18. Fazil Qazi, D. K. (2024). Adverse pregnancy outcomes in oligohydramnios measure by amniotic fluid. Journal of Population Therapeutics & Clinical Pharmacology, 3321-3329.
https://doi.org/10.53555/hpfq5v13
19. Sawant, A. A., Wankhede, S., Thakare, S., Narayan, G. N., Saha, I., Vernekar, A., Wagaskar, B. D., Khandare, T. S., Hatwar, V. S., & Deshmukh, R. L. (2025). Maternal and perinatal outcomes in Oligohydramnios: A cross-sectional analysis of pregnancies between 28 to 42 weeks of gestation. Cureus.
https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.79232
20. Kumsa, H., & Yimer, N. B. (2023). Obstetrics and Perinatal Outcomes with Isolated Oligohydramnios at Term Pregnancy. Clin Case Rep Int. 2023; 7, 1562.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Indus Journal of Bioscience Research
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
