Evaluation of Factor Effecting Sterility of Surgical Instruments During Transportation from Central Sterile Supply Department to Operation Theatre

Abstract

Background: Maintaining the sterility of surgical instruments is essential for preventing surgical site infections and ensuring patient safety. Although considerable emphasis is placed on sterilization and reprocessing within the Central Sterile Supply Department (CSSD), the transportation phase from CSSD to the operating theatre represents a critical yet underexplored point where sterility may be compromised due to environmental exposure, handling practices, and packaging integrity. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the factors affecting the sterility of surgical instruments during transportation from the Central Sterile Supply Department to the operating theatre. Methodology: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted over a six-month period at Tertiary Care Hospital. A total of 73 operating theatre and CSSD staff members were selected using convenience sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and observation checklists assessing demographic characteristics, professional experience, transport practices, and perceived sterility maintenance. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize findings, and inferential analysis, including chi-square testing, was applied to assess associations between professional variables and overall sterility-related ratings. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 21. Results: The majority of respondents demonstrated moderate to high overall ratings, with 93.3% scoring 60% or above, indicating generally satisfactory practices related to instrument handling and transportation. CSSD and OT technicians constituted the largest proportion of participants, reflecting their central role in sterile processing activities. No statistically significant association was found between profession and overall rating (p > 0.05). Most respondents were early to mid-career professionals, highlighting the importance of training and supervision. Conclusion: The study concludes that while sterility practices during transportation are generally satisfactory, opportunities for improvement remain. Maintaining sterility extends beyond effective sterilization to include safe transport conditions, packaging integrity, and adherence to standard protocols. Strengthening transport systems, staff training, and quality assurance measures is essential to enhance infection prevention and patient safety.