The Impact of Social Media Addiction on Teenage Depression: A Correlational Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70749/ijbr.v3i2.642Keywords:
Social Media Addiction, Depression, Emotional Well-being, Beck Depression Inventory, Digital Habits, Mental Health InterventionAbstract
Introduction: Teenagers' lives revolve around social media, with platforms like Instagram, Snapchat, and TikTok shaping how they express and understand themselves. While offering connectivity, social media can negatively affect mental health, particularly causing depression. Motivation: This study explores the link between excessive social media use and depressive symptoms in teenagers, focusing on how engagement patterns contribute to emotional distress. Purpose: The study assessed social media use and depressive symptoms using surveys and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) to analyze the correlation between depression and social media addiction. Results: This study demonstrates concerning relationship between high social media engagement and negative emotional outcomes. Many participants also struggled to control their use of social media and were anxious, restless and experienced emotional distress when they couldn’t access it. For example, compulsive behaviors such as frequent social media checking, disrupted daily routines including sleep, academics, and interpersonal relationships. On the contrary, many participants showed depressive symptoms such as sadness, guilt, hopelessness, and lack of enthusiasm for activities. Discussion: The findings of this study underscore the impact of excessive social media use on mental health, suggesting that social media addiction may contribute to or exacerbate depressive symptoms. The results emphasize the need for promoting healthier digital habits and encouraging individuals to seek professional support when experiencing severe emotional distress related to social media use. Developing strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of excessive social media engagement and raise awareness of its mental health risks is essential for protecting teenagers' well-being in the digital age.
Downloads
References
• Naeem, M., & Ozuem, W. (2021). Customers' social interactions and panic buying behavior: Insights from social media practices. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 20(5), 1191-1203. https://doi.org/10.1002/cb.1925
• Mittmann, G., Woodcock, K., Dörfler, S., Krammer, I., Pollak, I., & Schrank, B. (2021). “TikTok is my life and Snapchat is my ventricle”: A mixed-methods study on the role of online communication tools for friendships in early adolescents. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 42(2), 172-203. https://doi.org/10.1177/02724316211020368
• Ullah, R. S., Naz, M., e Alam, J., & Khan, A. U. (2024). The Role of Social Media in Shaping Adolescent Identities and Peer Relationships within Educational Settings. Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), 13(3), 575-584. https://bbejournal.com/BBE/article/view/1046
• Bhargava, V. R., & Velasquez, M. (2020). Ethics of the attention economy: The problem of social media addiction. Business Ethics Quarterly, 31(3), 321-359. https://doi.org/10.1017/beq.2020.32
• Mujica, A., Crowell, C., Villano, M., & Uddin, K. (2022). Addiction by design: Some dimensions and challenges of excessive social media use. Medical Research Archives, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v10i2.2677
• Ajewumi, O. E., Magbagbeola, V., Kalu, O. C., Ike, R. A., Folajimi, O., & Diyaolu, C. O. (2024). The impact of social media on mental health and well-being. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 24(1), 107-121. https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.24.1.3027
• Jose, T. (2023). A Study On Positive And Negative Effects Of Social Media On Society. Journal of Survey in Fisheries Sciences, 10(1S), 7174-7184. https://sifisheriessciences.com/journal/index.php/journal/article/view/2333
• Patil, A. (2023). Psychology in the Age of Technology Dependence and the Mobile Dilemma. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202307.0101.v1
• Acar, I. H., Avcılar, G., Yazıcı, G., & Bostancı, S. (2020). The roles of adolescents’ emotional problems and social media addiction on their self-esteem. Current Psychology, 41(10), 6838-6847. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-020-01174-5
• BHIRI, K., & MAPFUNDE, D. (2025). The psychosocial impact of social media on the youths in Hwange urban area. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202502.0860.v1
• Keles, B., Grealish, A., & Leamy, M. (2023). The beauty and the beast of social media: An interpretative phenomenological analysis of the impact of adolescents' social media experiences on their mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Current Psychology, 43(1), 96-112. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-04271-3
• Kalınkara, Y., & Talan, T. (2024). Psychological balances in the digital world: Dynamic relationships among social media addiction, depression, anxiety, academic self-efficacy, general Belongingness, and life satisfaction. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 186(2), 85-113. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221325.2024.2400342
• Nguyen, N. D., Truong, N., Quang Dao, P., & Nguyen, H. H. (2025). Can online behaviors be linked to mental health? Active versus passive social network usage on depression via envy and self-esteem. Computers in Human Behavior, 162, 108455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2024.108455
• Rüther, L., Jahn, J., & Marksteiner, T. (2023). #influenced! The impact of social media influencing on self-esteem and the role of social comparison and resilience. Frontiers in Psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1216195
• Xiao, W., Peng, J., & Liao, S. (2022). Exploring the associations between social media addiction and depression: Attentional bias as a mediator and socio-emotional competence as a moderator. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(20), 13496. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013496
• Cunningham, S., Hudson, C. C., & Harkness, K. (2021). Social media and depression symptoms: A meta-analysis. Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, 49(2), 241-253. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-020-00715-7
• Al-Samarraie, H., Bello, K., Alzahrani, A. I., Smith, A. P., & Emele, C. (2021). Young users' social media addiction: Causes, consequences and preventions. Information Technology & People, 35(7), 2314-2343. https://doi.org/10.1108/itp-11-2020-0753
• Ebrahim, F. (2023). The dark side of social media: why is social media so addictive? https://jyx.jyu.fi/jyx/Record/jyx_123456789_86827
• Holt‐Lunstad, J. (2024). Social connection as a critical factor for mental and physical health: Evidence, trends, challenges, and future implications. World Psychiatry, 23(3), 312-332. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.21224
• Cataldo, I., Lepri, B., Neoh, M. J., & Esposito, G. (2021). Social media usage and development of psychiatric disorders in childhood and adolescence: A review. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.508595
• Bozzola, E., Spina, G., Agostiniani, R., Barni, S., Russo, R., Scarpato, E., Di Mauro, A., Di Stefano, A. V., Caruso, C., Corsello, G., & Staiano, A. (2022). The use of social media in children and adolescents: Scoping review on the potential risks. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(16), 9960. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19169960
• Swain, R. K., & Pati, A. K. (2019). Use of social networking sites (SNSs) and its repercussions on sleep quality, psychosocial behavior, academic performance and circadian rhythm of humans – a brief review. Biological Rhythm Research, 52(8), 1139-1178. https://doi.org/10.1080/09291016.2019.1620487
• Masnan, F., Abd Rani, M. J., Alias, N. S., Esquivias, M. A., Shaari, M. S., & Kustiningsih, N. (2025). The role of sense of purpose, time management, attendance, sleep and self-esteem in academic performance among university students in Malaysia. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 11, 101258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101258
• Fabris, M. A. (2022). Social Media Addiction and Mental Health in Adolescents: risk factors and potential mechanisms by an interpersonal perspective. https://iris.unito.it/bitstream/2318/2016747/2/Dissertetion_Matteo%20A%20Fabris.pdf
• Htut, S. S. Y. (2025). Self-Presentation of Others on Social Media And Its Impact on Burmese Youth Depression in Thailand: A Case Study of Facebook. http://dspace.bu.ac.th/handle/123456789/5893
• Sacco, R., Camilleri, N., Eberhardt, J., Umla-Runge, K., & Newbury-Birch, D. (2022). A systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence of mental disorders among children and adolescents in Europe. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 33(9), 2877-2894. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-022-02131-2
• Sisk, L. M., & Gee, D. G. (2022). Stress and adolescence: Vulnerability and opportunity during a sensitive window of development. Current Opinion in Psychology, 44, 286-292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.10.005
• Atalatti, S., & Pawar, U. (2024). Addictive interfaces. Interactive Media with Next-Gen Technologies and Their Usability Evaluation, 47-66. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781032664828-4
• Mackay, D. (2023). Infinite scrolling, dissociation, and boredom spiraling as the drivers of habitual social media use. Southern Connecticut State University. https://www.proquest.com/openview/d863aafce14aaa757c42e16480f03236/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y
• Lim, A. J., & Tan, E. (2024). Social media ills and evolutionary mismatches: A conceptual framework. Evolutionary Psychological Science, 10(3), 212-235. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40806-024-00398-z
• Wong, A., Ho, S., Olusanya, O., Antonini, M. V., & Lyness, D. (2020). The use of social media and online communications in times of pandemic COVID-19. Journal of the Intensive Care Society, 22(3), 255-260. https://doi.org/10.1177/1751143720966280
• Eno, B. G. (2023). Digital Media Literacy and the Utilization of Social Media Among Postgraduate Students in Kwara State (Master's thesis, Kwara State University (Nigeria).
• Dei, D. G. J., Anane-Donkor, L., & Okyere, F. (2022). Social Media for Information Dissemination among Students. International Journal of Information Science and Management (IJISM), 20(3), 123-139. https://ijism.isc.ac/article_698404.html
• Nabi, R. L., So, J., Prestin, A., & Pérez Torres, D. D. (2021). Media-based emotional coping. Routledge International Handbook of Emotions and Media, 85-101. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429465758-6
• Al-Samarraie, H., Bello, K., Alzahrani, A. I., Smith, A. P., & Emele, C. (2021). Young users' social media addiction: Causes, consequences and preventions. Information Technology & People, 35(7), 2314-2343. https://doi.org/10.1108/itp-11-2020-0753
• AJIBADE, S., Mejarito, C., Egere, O., Adediran, A., Gido, N., & Bassey, M. (2022). An analysis of the impact of social media addiction on academic engagement of students. Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results, 13. http://doi.org/10.47750/pnr.2022.13.s04.166
• Naga, J. F., & Ebardo, R. A. (2025). Social network sites (SNS) an archetype of techno-social stress: A systematic review. Heliyon, 11(1), e41119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e41119
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Indus Journal of Bioscience Research

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.