Frequency of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension in Patients Admitted in Maternity Ward of Ayub Medical Teaching Hospital Abbottabad

Sajid Raza; Muhammad Adnan; Faqir Ullah; Nasir Khan; Rubia Anwer; Muhammad Taha Awan; Azhar Abbas Khan

doi:10.70749/ijbr.v3i2.699

Authors

Sajid Raza Faculty of Pharmacy, IBADAT International University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Muhammad Adnan Department of Pharmacy, MY University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Faqir Ullah Department of Pharmacy, IQRA University, Chak Shehzad Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Nasir Khan Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KPK, Pakistan.
Rubia Anwer Faculty of Pharmacy, IBADAT International University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Muhammad Taha Awan Faculty of Pharmacy, IBADAT International University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Azhar Abbas Khan Department of Biochemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70749/ijbr.v3i2.699

Keywords:

Hypertension, Pre-eclampsia, Perinatal Mortality, Pregnancy Induced Hypertension, Systolic Blood Pressure

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is one of the most common medical disorders associated with pregnancy. It is the second leading cause of maternal mortality during pregnancy and affects one pregnancy in every ten cases. Maternal and fetal complications associated with hypertension can be highly destructive and can lead for example stroke, seizures, placental abruption, fetal death, and maternal death etc. In the current study, we tend to provide a comprehensive but short review of literature relevant to pregnancy induced hypertension. Importantly, its prevalence and distribution in Pakistan in general and in Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan in particular is discussed. In first section, however, a brief introduction and classification of pregnancy induced hypertension is addressed. Results: Total number of individuals are 125. Of these minimum ages of patients was 18 years and maximum were 45. Frequency of Pregnancy induced hypertension individuals were 57(45.60%) out of 125 patients and 68(54.40%) patients were without Pregnancy induced hypertension. 35(28%) patients were with history of pregnancy induced hypertension in previous pregnancy while 90(72%) did not have any history of PIH in previous pregnancy.33 (26.40%) of were doing regular exercise while 92(73.60%) had a sedentary lifestyle. 25(20%) had history of chronic hypertension while 100(80%) did not have any history of chronic hypertension. Conclusion: Effective operation of channel like improvement in general health of reproductive age females, health awareness of public, necessary antenatal care, prenatal diagnosis, optimal peripartum care, essential new born care program implementation and improving contraceptive prevalence are needed to lower perinatal mortality. This can be achieved through improving literacy rate, socioeconomic status and provision of free health facilities. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are an important cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. Concrete steps should be taken so as to diagnose and manage hypertensive disorders during pregnancy to avoid the lethal morbidities.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Magee, L. A., von Dadelszen, P., Stones, W., & Mathai, M. (2016). The FIGO textbook of pregnancy hypertension: an evidence-based guide to monitoring, prevention and management. The Global Library of Women’s Medicine. http://www.glowm.com/resource_type/resource/textbook/title/the-figo-textbook-of-pregnancy-hypertension/resource_doc/2768

Redman, C., & Roberts, J. (1993). Management of pre-eclampsia. The Lancet, 341(8858), 1451-1454. https://doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(93)90890-s

NATIONALHIGHBLOODPRESSUREEDUCA. (2000). Report of the national high blood pressure education program working group on high blood pressure in Pregnancy*1. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 183(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(00)40820-3

Moodley, J. (2008). Maternal deaths due to hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 22(3), 559-567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2007.11.004

Rochat, R. W., Koonin, L. M., Atrash, H. K., & Jewett, J. F. (1989). Maternal mortality in the United States. Obstetric Anesthesia Digest, 8(4), 161. https://doi.org/10.1097/00132582-198901000-00004

Jaffrey, S. N. (1991). Maternal mortality in Pakistan, an overview in the proceedings of a workshop on maternal and prenatal health at Karachi, Editor S Zaidi. TWEL Publishers Karachi, 21, 15-17.

Jehan, A., Musarrat, J., & Nadra, S. (2004). Perinatal outcome in pregnancy induced hypertensive mothers. Pak Armed Forces Med J. 54(1), 76–8. https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/emr-67991

Korejo, R., Bhutta, S., Noorani, K. J., & Bhutta, Z. A. (2007). An audit and trends of perinatal mortality at the Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi. JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 57(4), 168-172. https://europepmc.org/article/med/17489521

Shamshad. (2010). PERINATAL MORTALITY: AN OUTCOME OF QUALITY OF PERINATAL CARE. GOMAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, 8(2), 166-171.

Ayaz, A., Muhammad, T., Hussain, S. A., & Habib, S. (2009). Neonatal outcome in pre-eclamptic patients. Journal of Ayub Medical College Abbottabad, 21(2), 53-55. https://ayubmed.edu.pk/jamc/index.php/jamc/article/view/3355

Malik, N., Sarwar, I., & Khan, A. B. (2016). Frequency of Major Maternal Complications In Patients With Severe Preeclampsia. Journal of Rehman Medical Institute, 2(2), 12-16.

Munazza, B., Raza, N., Naureen, A., Khan, S. A., Fatima, F., Ayub, M., & Sulaman, M. (2011). Liver function tests in preeclampsia. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad, 23(4), 3-5.

Khattak, S. N., Deeba, F., Ayaz, A., & Khattak, M. I. (2012). Association of maternal hypertension with placental abruption. Journal of Ayub Medical College Abbottabad, 24(3-4), 103-105.

Shamshad. (2010). PERINATAL MORTALITY: AN OUTCOME OF QUALITY OF PERINATAL CARE. GOMAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, 8(2), 166-171.

Qasim, A., Bashir, A., Sajid, S., Riaz, M. M., & Almas, A. (2016). Women with pregnancy induced hypertension have a higher risk of developing essential hypertension-a case control study from a tertiary care center in Pakistan. JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 66(2), 179-183. https://europepmc.org/article/med/26819164

Sibai, B. M., El-Nazer, A., & Gonzalez-Ruiz, A. (1986). Severe preeclampsia-eclampsia in young primigravid women: subsequent pregnancy outcome and remote prognosis. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 155(5), 1011-1016. https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(86)90336-4

Hargood, J. L., & Brown, M. A. (1991). Pregnancy‐induced hypertension: recurrence rate in second pregnancies. Medical journal of Australia, 154(6), 376-377. https://doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1991.tb121125.x

Sibai, B. M., Sarinoglu, C., & Mercer, B. M. (1992). Eclampsia: VII. Pregnancy outcome after eclampsia and long-term prognosis. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 166(6), 1757-1763. https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(92)91566-S

Nisell, H., Lintu, H., Lunell, N. O., Möllerström, G., & Pettersson, E. (1995). Blood pressure and renal function seven years after pregnancy complicated by hypertension. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 102(11), 876-881. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1995.tb10874.x

Ananth, C. V., & Basso, O. (2010). Impact of pregnancy-induced hypertension on stillbirth and neonatal mortality. Epidemiology, 21(1), 118-123. https://doi.org/10.1097/EDE.0b013e3181c297af

Zeisler, H., Llurba, E., Chantraine, F., Vatish, M., Staff, A. C., Sennström, M., Olovsson, M., Brennecke, S. P., Stepan, H., Allegranza, D., Dilba, P., Schoedl, M., Hund, M., & Verlohren, S. (2016). Predictive Value of the sFlt-1:PlGF Ratio in Women with Suspected Preeclampsia. The New England Journal of Medicine, 374(1), 13–22. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1414838

Berry, C., & Atta, M. G. (2016). Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. World journal of nephrology, 5(5), 418. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5011248/