Significance of Serum Uric Acid and Lactate Dehydrogenase as An Indicator of Severity in Acute Amyloid Leukemia

Mahroze Tauseef; Mehran Basat; Saadia Rahim; Amber Nawaz Kiani; Abeera Wajid; Hafiz Muhammad Asghar; Mehreen Tauseef

doi:10.70749/ijbr.v3i3.514

Authors

Mahroze Tauseef NUR International University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Mehran Basat Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, China.
Saadia Rahim Department of Physiology, Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Amber Nawaz Kiani Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
Abeera Wajid Department of Physiology, CMH Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Hafiz Muhammad Asghar Department of Pharmacognosy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Mehreen Tauseef Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70749/ijbr.v3i3.514

Keywords:

Serum Uric Acid, Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), Disease Severity, Biomarkers, Disease Progression, Tumor

Abstract

Objective: To estimate the serum level of uric acid in severe acute amyloid leukemia and to measure the high lactate dehydrogenase levels contributing in severity of acute amyloid leukemia. Study Type: It was Cross Sectional comparative study. Methodology: Out of 90 individuals of age 5 to 15 years, the mean age of participants in group A, group B, and group C was 10.53 ± 2.5, 10.5 ± 2.47 and 10.13 ± 2.501 respectively in Sheikh Zaid Hospital Lahore and Mayo Hospital Lahore. Blood uric acid and lactate dehydrogenase was evaluated by standard techniques spectrophotometer in the laboratory. All data collected was subjected to SPSS version 23. A relationship of serum uric acid and lactate dehydrogenase was calculated to see their significance in predicting the severity of disease subjected to statistical analysis. The quantitative variables like age were presented as mean ± SD. Prevalence was analyzed by Anova test, f value ≤ 0.005 will be taken as significant. Results: In Group A, 43.3% were males and 56.7% females, with a mean age of 10.53 years. Group B had 46.7% males and 53.3% females, with a mean age of 10.50 years, while Group C had 46.7% males and 53.3% females, with a mean age of 10.13 years. Significant differences were observed in uric acid, LDH, and WBC levels among the groups (p = 0.000). The ANOVA test confirmed a strong association among all groups. Conclusion: In conclusion, monitoring serum uric acid, LDH levels and WBC count is crucial in assessing the prognosis and mortality risk in patients with acute leukemia, particularly AML. Elevated LDH levels serve as a valuable prognostic indicator, especially in guiding treatment decisions and risk assessment for leukemic candidates.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abdalla, A. A., & Akasha, R. (2018). Liver enzymes, urea and creatinine among acute lymphocytic leukemia in Sudanese patients. Journal of Medical and Biological Science Research, 4(2), 72-75.

Al Ageeli, E. (2020). Alterations of mitochondria and related metabolic pathways in leukemia: A narrative review. Saudi Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences, 8(1), 3. https://doi.org/10.4103/sjmms.sjmms_112_18

Anitha, G., Kumar, K. V., Deshpande, G., Nagaraj, M., & Kalyani, V. (2022). Utility of serum and salivary lactate dehydrogenase and uric acid levels as a diagnostic profile in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, 26(2), 218-227. https://doi.org/10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_26_22

Arber, D. A. (2018). Acute myeloid leukemia. Hematopathology, 429-466.e5. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-47913-4.00014-8

Arber, D. A., Hasserjian, R. P., Orazi, A., Mathews, V., Roberts, A. W., Schiffer, C. A., Roug, A. S., Cazzola, M., Döhner, H., & Tefferi, A. (2022). Classification of myeloid neoplasms/acute leukemia: Global perspectives and the international consensus classification approach. American Journal of Hematology, 97(5), 514-518. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajh.26503

Behrmann, L., Wellbrock, J., & Fiedler, W. (2018). Acute myeloid leukemia and the bone marrow niche—Take a closer look. Frontiers in Oncology, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2018.00444

Chen, M., & Meng, L. (2021). The double faced role of xanthine oxidoreductase in cancer. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, 43(7), 1623-1632. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41401-021-00800-7

Coiffier, B., Altman, A., Pui, C., Younes, A., & Cairo, M. S. (2008). Guidelines for the management of pediatric and adult tumor lysis syndrome: An evidence-based review. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 26(16), 2767-2778. https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.15.0177

Cure, E., & Cumhur Cure, M. (2020). Can dapagliflozin have a protective effect against COVID-19 infection? A hypothesis. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews, 14(4), 405-406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.04.024

Dwebi, M., & Cumber, P. (2019). Spontaneous chest wall haematoma in chronic myeloid leukaemia. The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine, 31(3), 385-387. https://doi.org/10.4103/ejim.ejim_59_18

Gbadamosi, B., Ezekwudo, D., Bastola, S., & Jaiyesimi, I. (2018). Predictive and prognostic markers in adults with acute myeloid leukemia: A single-institution experience. Clinical Lymphoma Myeloma and Leukemia, 18(7), e287-e294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clml.2018.05.005

Geva, M., Pryce, A., Shouval, R., Fein, J. A., Danylesko, I., Shem-Tov, N., Yerushalmi, R., Shimoni, A., Szydlo, R., Pavlu, J., & Nagler, A. (2021). High lactate dehydrogenase at time of admission for allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation associates to poor survival in acute myeloid leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Bone Marrow Transplantation, 56(11), 2690-2696. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41409-021-01377-9

Hasserjian, R. P. (2021). Controversies in the recent (2016) World Health Organization classification of acute myeloid leukemia. Best Practice & Research Clinical Haematology, 34(1), 101249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beha.2021.101249

Iyengar, V., & Freed, J. A. (2021). Investigation of factors that discriminate myeloid malignancies from Leukemoid reactions. Blood, 138(Supplement 1), 1902-1902. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2021-1447892

Jelic, M. D., Mandic, A. D., Maricic, S. M., & Srdjenovic, B. U. (2021). Oxidative stress and its role in cancer. Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics, 17(1), 22-28. https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_862_16

Jin, Z., Zheng, M., Shi, J., Ye, X., Cheng, F., Chen, Q., Huang, J., & Jiang, X. (2021). Correlation analysis between serum uric acid, Prealbumin level, lactate Dehydrogenase, and severity of COVID-19. Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2021.615837

Jumaah, H. M., Yenzeel, J. H., & Mehdi, M. G. (2021). Evaluation of some biochemical parameters and hormones in patients with acute myeloid leukemia in Iraq. Iraqi Journal of Science, 1460-1466. https://doi.org/10.24996/ijs.2021.62.5.9

Luo, J., Borgens, R., & Shi, R. (2002). Polyethylene glycol immediately repairs neuronal membranes and inhibits free radical production after acute spinal cord injury. Journal of Neurochemistry, 83(2), 471-480. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.01160.x

Nunes, J. C. B. G. (2018). The Metabolic Needs of Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (Doctoral dissertation, Universidade do Porto (Portugal)).

Saeed, U., Fatima, B., Hussain, D., Imran, M., Jamil, M., Naeem Ashiq, M., & Najam-ul-Haq, M. (2022). Scalable synthesis of Ce-MOF derived CeO/C hierarchical: Efficient electrochemical sensing of uric acid as potential biomarker in acute myeloid leukaemia patients. Microchemical Journal, 181, 107808. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2022.107808

Sekeres, M. A., Guyatt, G., Abel, G., Alibhai, S., Altman, J. K., Buckstein, R., Choe, H., Desai, P., Erba, H., Hourigan, C. S., LeBlanc, T. W., Litzow, M., MacEachern, J., Michaelis, L. C., Mukherjee, S., O’Dwyer, K., Rosko, A., Stone, R., Agarwal, A., … Brignardello-Petersen, R. (2020). American Society of Hematology 2020 guidelines for treating newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia in older adults. Blood Advances, 4(15), 3528-3549. https://doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2020001920

Sharma, D. K., Mehra, V., Paul, S., Singh, P., Bagga, P. K., & Sharma, D. (2020). To study levels of serum lactate dehydrogenase and serum uric acid in patients suffering from leukemias. International Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Pathology, 3(1), 242-247. https://doi.org/10.33545/pathol.2020.v3.i1d.181

Sukanya, V., & Mohanan, P. (2018). Degradation of poly(ε-caprolactone) and bio-interactions with mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 163, 107-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.12.039

Udgiri, R. S., Sorganvi, V., & Patil, V. Impact of Health Education on Breast Self-Examination Among Nursing Students. WJMER, 7, 6-2. https://wjmer.co.uk/da_pdf/vol_12_1.pdf#page=34

Wang, H., Shan, D., Dong, Y., Yang, X., Zhang, L., & Yu, Z. (2020). Correlation analysis of serum cystatin C, uric acid and lactate dehydrogenase levels before chemotherapy on the prognosis of small cell lung cancer. Oncology Letters, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.12334

Xiao, Z., Gong, R., Chen, X., Xiao, D., Luo, S., & Ji, Y. (2021). Association between serum lactate dehydrogenase and 60‐day mortality in Chinese Hakka patients with acute myeloid leukemia: A cohort study. Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis, 35(12). https://doi.org/10.1002/jcla.24049

Yamauchi, T., Negoro, E., Lee, S., Takai, M., Matsuda, Y., Takagi, K., ... & Ueda, T. (2013). A high serum uric acid level is associated with poor prognosis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Anticancer research, 33(9), 3947-3951. https://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/33/9/3947.short