Comparison of Outcome of Perineal Massage and Perineal Lubrication in 2nd Stage of Labour in Terms of Perineal Trauma in Multiparous Women at Term

Abstract

Introduction: Perineal trauma during childbirth is a common concern, leading to complications such as pain, tears, and the need for episiotomy, which can impact postpartum recovery. This study evaluates the effectiveness of perineal lubricant and massage techniques in reducing perineal trauma during the second stage of labor. Methodology: The study, conducted at Gulab Devi Teaching Hospital, Lahore, from 01 September 2024, to 02 Feb 2025, included 384 multiparous women aged 25-45 years. Participants were randomized into two groups: Group-I received glycerin-based perineal lubricant massage, and Group-II underwent perineal massage techniques during the second stage of labor. Outcomes, including perineal tears, episiotomy, and pelvic pain, were assessed using standardized criteria. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0, with results compared using the Chi-square test, and p-values ≤0.05 were considered significant. Results: The lubricant group had lower rates of pain (22.4% vs. 35.9%), perineal tears (6.8% vs. 21.4%), and need for episiotomy (26.6% vs. 39.1%), with all differences being statistically significant. Conclusion: The study highlights that perineal lubricant during the second stage of labor leads to significantly better maternal outcomes than perineal massage. Women in the lubricant group reported less pain (VAS ≥4), fewer perineal tears, and a lower need for episiotomy. These results indicate that perineal lubricant effectively enhances perineal health and minimizes labor-related trauma. Given these benefits, perineal lubricant emerges as a superior choice for improving maternal comfort and reducing childbirth complications. Its adoption in clinical practice could enhance perineal care, promoting safer and less painful deliveries for expectant mothers.